Ishusho ya API 7-1 y'imigozi yo gucukura

API 7-1 Imashini zo gucukura imigozi

Ibisobanuro bigufi:

Amavali yo gucukura abuza amazi gutemba mu mugozi w'icukura kenshi iyo ivali ikoze hasi. LANDRILL ishobora gutanga vali nziza cyane yo gufungura (FOSV), vali ya Kelly, irinda gucikamo umwuka (IBOP), vali yo kugenzura impanuka, vali yo kuzenguruka.

Ohereza imeri kuri twe

Ibisobanuro birambuye ku gicuruzwa

Ibirango by'ibicuruzwa

Valve yuzuye y'umutekano wo gufungura (FOSV)

Valve y'umutekano ifunguye (mu magambo ahinnye ya FOSV) ni valve y'umutekano yo mu bwoko bw'umupira ikoreshwa mu guhagarika gutemba kw'umugozi ucukura iyo umugozi ucukura uva mu mwobo.

FOSV ni valve y’umutekano ifite umubiri ubiri, bityo ntibangamira imikorere y’ibikoresho nk’ibice by’ibanze cyangwa ibikoresho byo gupima. Yagenewe gukubitwa mu gice cyo hejuru cy’umuyoboro w’amazi cyangwa umugozi wo gucukura hasi mu gitereko cy’amazi no gufungwa vuba mu gihe iriba ryateye.

Mu gihe utumiza, vuga ibi bikurikira:
Guhuza.
OD na ID
Umuvuduko w'akazi: 5.000 / 10.000 / 15.000 PSI;

Valve ya Kelly

Valve ya Kelly kandi yitwa Kelly cock cyangwa Gray valve. Ni valve igenzura intoki muri sisitemu yo gucukura imigozi kandi ni kimwe mu bikoresho byiza byo gukumira guturika. Valve ya Kelly igabanyijemo Upper Kelly Valve na Lower Kelly Valve. Valve ya Kelly yo hejuru ihujwe na swivel sub na Kelly. Valve ya Kelly yo hasi ihujwe n'igice cyo hasi cya Kelly n'igice cyo hejuru cy'umuyoboro w'imashini cyangwa igice cyo hasi cya Kelly save sub. Izunguruka urufunguzo rw'imashini yuzuye ifunguye kuri 90° kugira ngo ifunguke kandi ihagarare. Mu gikorwa cyo gucukura, kugira ngo hirindwe impanuka zikomeye, valve za Kelly zigomba guhuzwa ku mpera zombi za Kelly kugira ngo hirindwe gutakaza drill flid no guturika. Valve ya Kelly cock, ni valve y'umupira ikoreshwa n'intoki ikoreshwa mu buryo bw'umugozi w'imashini, ni kimwe mu bikoresho byiza byo kwirinda guturika.

Imboro ya kelly igabanyijemo ibice bibiri: valve yo hejuru ya kelly cock na valve yo hasi ya kelly cock.
Agahu ka kelly ko hejuru gahujwe n'igice cyo hasi cya kelly n'igice cyo hejuru cya kelly. Agahu ka kelly ko hasi gahujwe n'igice cyo hejuru cya pipi yo gucukura n'igice cyo hasi cya kelly cyangwa gahujwe n'igice cyo hasi cya kelly saver subs.
Imboro ya kelly ifite uburyo bworoshye bwo kuyikoresha, ishobora gukururwa cyangwa kuyikuraho hakoreshejwe gusa uburyo bwihariye bwo kuyikoresha kuri dogere 90 hakurikijwe icyerekezo cyerekana. Mu gihe cyo kuyicukura, imboro ya kelly igomba guhuzwa ku mpera yo hejuru no hepfo ya kelly.

Mu gihe utumiza, vuga ibi bikurikira:
Ubwoko bwo hejuru cyangwa ubwo hasi;
Igikoresho OD;
Umuvuduko w'akazi: 5.000 / 10.000 / 15.000 PSI;
Guhuza igikoresho.

Imbere muri BOP

Igikoresho cyo gukumira gushyuha imbere (Inside BOP) ni igikoresho cyihariye, gishobora gucibwamo imirongo binyuze muri BOP mbere yuko gihuzwa n'ibikoresho byo gucukura byongewemo vuba bishoboka, iyo gushyuha bibaye mu gihe cyo guterura ibikoresho byo gucukura, igikoresho cyo gukumira gushyuha imbere gifite ibyiza byinshi nko gukoresha umuvuduko mwinshi, gifunze neza, cyoroshye gukoresha, gihindura vuba n'ibindi.

Mu gihe utumiza, vuga ibi bikurikira:
Igikoresho OD;
Umuvuduko w'akazi: 5.000 / 10.000 / 15.000 PSI;
Guhuza igikoresho.

Mu gihe igikoresho cyo gucukura kiva mu mwobo, guturika kw'amazi biba bitewe n'ingaruka zo gukurura amazi. Iyo amazi, amavuta, umwuka cyangwa amazi bisohotse mu muyoboro w'amazi usohoka, icyuma cyo gukumira guturika cy'imbere kigomba guhuzwa vuba n'umuyoboro w'amazi. Igikoresho cyo gukumira guturika cy'imbere gishobora guhuzwa byoroshye n'umuyoboro w'amazi bitewe n'uko icyuma cyo gukumira guturika cy'amazi gifunguye kandi amazi ari mu mwobo wo hasi ashobora gusohoka mu muyoboro w'amazi uri mu mwobo wo hasi ashobora gusohoka mu muyoboro w'amazi uri mu mwobo wo hasi. Inkoni yo gufasha ishobora gufunga icyuma ikoresheje icyuma gifunga icyuma, ubu ngubu, icyuma cyo gukumira guturika cy'imbere cyemerera amazi gupomperwa mu mwobo kuva hejuru kugeza hasi, ariko amazi ari mu mwobo ntashobora gutembera mu mugozi w'amazi hanyuma amaherezo agasohoka mu muyoboro w'amazi uri mu mwobo wo gukumira guturika. Hanyuma intego yo gukumira guturika kw'amazi igerweho n'intambwe zikurikira, Gusohora igice cyo gufasha kigenzura amazi no gutangira ipompo.

Valve yo kugenzura aho umuntu anyura

Amavali yo kugenzura ko amazi asubira mu kirere mu gihe cyo gutera umugeri kandi akwiriye mu bihe byinshi byo gucukura aho amazi asubira mu gice cyo gucukura aba ari ikibazo kandi imikorere isanzwe isaba inyungu zo kuba igice cyo gucukura gifite umugozi wose. Mu gukumira ko amazi azamuka mu muyoboro w'amazi, ariko akareka amazi agasunikwa hasi kugira ngo azunguruke mu mwobo, amavali aha umucukura uburyo bwo kugenzura umuvuduko w'amazi mu mwobo w'amazi mu gihe bikenewe, binoza cyane kandi byoroshya kugenzura amazi.

Iyo hagiye guturika, imigozi y'umugozi ihita ivanwaho, igashyirwamo valve yo kugenzura iri mu muyoboro w'amazi hanyuma igashyirwa hasi igana aho ikenewe. Bityo iturika rishobora kwirindwa.

Mu gihe utumiza, vuga neza
Umwobo muto cyane mu mugozi wo gucukura aho imashini igenzura igomba kunyura.
Ingano n'ubwoko bw'aho ifata icyuma gihurira.
Ingano y'inyuma y'ingingo z'ibikoresho byo guhuza.

Valve yo kureremba

Valve ireremba ibuza amazi yo gucukura, ibice byaciwe n'imyanda y'icyuma gutembera inyuma y'umugozi w'imashini. Iyo ishyizwe neza ku mugozi w'imashini, izi valve zitanga uburyo bwo gukumira gucika kw'amazi.

Valve igendanwa ishobora gukoreshwa ahantu hose kuva hejuru kugeza hasi ku mugozi wo gucukura. Ahantu hakunze gukoreshwa cyane ni muri BHA (aho hepfo ho gucukura) irimo bit, kandi ishobora kuba irimo bit sub, near bit stabilizer, izindi stabilizer, float sub, cross-over sub, mud moteri (top sub), drill collar, na drill pipe. Valve nyinshi zigendanwa zishobora gukoreshwa mu mugozi umwe, nubwo gucukura inshuro ebyiri bidasabwa kubera ko valve igendanwa ishobora kwangirika mu bihe by'umuvuduko mwinshi. Ahubwo, tandukanya valve mu buryo butandukanye.

Umuyoboro wo gucukura (DP) Udupira two ku mazi turahari ku bijyanye na serivisi isanzwe, serivisi ya H2S – 300°F (HNBR/HSN) na serivisi ya H2S – 400°F (Viton.)

Icyitegererezo F, FA:1R, 1F2R, 2F3R, 3F, 3½ IF, 4R, 4F, 5R, 5F6R, na 6F
Model G,GA, GC:1F2R, 2F3R, 3F, 3½ IF, 4R, 4F, 5R na 5F6R

Mu gihe utumiza, vuga ibi bikurikira:
Ubwoko bwa valve yo kureremba (Model F cyangwa Model G);
Ingano ya valve yo kureremba;
Guhuza na OD by'igice.