Ibikoresho by'Inzu

Valve y'ibinyugunyugu, izwi kandi nka valve yo kugonga, ni ubwoko bwa valve igenzura ikoreshwa cyane mu nganda zitandukanye mu kugenzura urujya n'uruza rw'amazi. Igizwe n'ibice byinshi by'ingenzi, birimo igice cy'umugozi, igice cy'umugozi, isahani y'ibinyugunyugu, n'impeta yo gufunga. Ibi bice bikorana kugira ngo bigenzure imikorere myiza kandi nyayo ya valve.

Ikoreshwa cyane cyane mu buryo bw'ubukorano bwo guterura amavuta kugira ngo igenzure neza igitutu cy'imbere mu mwobo w'amazi no gukumira guturika kw'amazi.
Imashini irinda gushyuha kw'inkoni yo mu bwoko bwa sucker stick ifite intama zidasanzwe ishobora gufata umugozi w'umuyoboro, igafunga umwanya uri hagati y'umugozi w'umuyoboro n'umutwe w'amazi, ndetse ikanahangana n'uburemere n'imbaraga by'umugozi w'umuyoboro umanuka.

Flange ikoreshwa cyane cyane mu guhuza ibikoresho by'umutwe w'amazi. Igiti cya Noheli n'ibindi bikoresho byo kugenzura amazi. Ubwoko butandukanye bw'ibice birimo flange y'umugozi w'ipamba n'ipamba ridafite ikintu n'ibindi.

Valve yo gufunga ni igice cy'ingenzi cy'igiti cya Noheli kandi yagenewe kugenzura umusaruro w'amazi y'ikigega cy'amavuta, ibikoresho by'umubiri n'ibice bya valve yo gufunga bihuye neza na API 6A na NACE MR-0175 Standard Specifications, kandi ikoreshwa cyane mu gucukura peteroli mu nyanja no mu nyanja. Valve yo gufunga ikoreshwa cyane cyane mu guhindura imiterere n'umuvuduko wa sisitemu ya manifold; Hari ubwoko bubiri bwa valve zo kugenzura ubwiyongere bw'amazi: zihamye n'izishobora guhindurwa. Valve zo gufunga zishobora guhindurwa zigabanyijemo ubwoko bw'inshinge, ubwoko bw'ingofero y'ingofero, ubwoko bw'ingofero y'ingofero n'ubwoko bw'ikigega cy'ingofero hakurikijwe imiterere; Dukurikije uburyo bwo gukora, ishobora kugabanywamo ibice bibiri by'intoki n'iby'amazi. Iherezo ry'ingofero ya Valve yo gufunga ni umugozi cyangwa Flange, ihujwe na non cyangwa flange. Valve yo gufunga igwamo: valve yo gufunga, valve yo gufunga, valve yo gufunga, valve yo gufunga na valve yo gufunga, n'ibindi.

Amavali y'irembo ry'ibyondo ni irembo rikomeye, inkingi izamuka, amavali y'irembo afite imitako ikomeye, aya mavali yakozwe hakurikijwe ibipimo ngenderwaho bya API 6A. Akoreshwa cyane cyane mu byondo, sima, gucikamo ibice no gutanga serivisi z'amazi kandi byoroshye gukoresha kandi biroroshye kubungabunga.

Valve yo gushyiramo sima ni igice cy'ingenzi mu mikorere ya sima no gucikamo ibice mu bicukurwamo peteroli n'amabuye y'agaciro ndetse no kugenzura amazi nk'ayo afite umuvuduko mwinshi. Ifite imiterere mito, ikoreshwa byoroshye kuyisana, ifite torque nke, ifunguka vuba kandi yoroshye kuyikoresha, ku buryo ari yo valve nziza cyane mu zindi zikoreshwa muri sima no gucikamo ibice muri iki gihe. (Icyitonderwa: valve ishobora kandi gufungurwa cyangwa gufungwa byoroshye munsi ya 10000psi.)

Kill manifold ni ibikoresho bikenewe mu kugenzura ubushyuhe n'ihindagurika ry'amazi, no gushyira mu bikorwa ikoranabuhanga ryo kugenzura umuvuduko w'amazi ku mariba ya peteroli na gazi.
Mu gihe cyo gucukura amariba ya peteroli na gaze, iyo amazi yo gucukura mu mwobo yanduye n'amazi yo gucukura, uburinganire hagati y'igitutu cy'amazi adahinduka y'amazi yo gucukura n'igitutu cy'ayo mazi buzahungabana, bigatuma amazi arenga umuvuduko n'amazi ahinduka.
Iyo bibaye ngombwa ko amazi yo gucukura yanduye cyangwa ipompo zicukura amariba y'amazi akoreshwa mu gucukura hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga rigezweho kugira ngo hongerwe ubu buryo bwo kuringaniza, ariko amazi akoreshwa mu gucukura adashobora kugerwaho binyuze mu gucukura, amazi yo gucukura afite imikorere ihamye ashobora kuvomwa mu iriba binyuze mu buryo bwo kwica kugira ngo agenzure umuvuduko w'amazi y'amavuta na gazi.

Valve yo kugenzura yakozwe kandi igakorwa hakurikijwe ibisabwa na API 6A 《Ibisobanuro by'ibikoresho bya Wellhead na Christmas Tree》, ishobora gukoreshwa mu buryo bunyuranye n'ibikoresho byo mu gihugu no mu mahanga bijyanye na API 6A Standard. Imbere ikoresha icyuma kirwanya sulfide kandi ishobora gukoreshwa mu gihe H2S imeze, umubiri wa valve ukozwe mu cyuma cya alloy gifite imikorere myiza. Ubwoko bubiri bwa valve zo kugenzura butangwa na landrill: Swing type na Lift type.

Ibiranga
1. Igishushanyo mbonera cyuzuye gikuraho neza kugabanuka k'umuvuduko n'imigezi ishyuha kandi kikagabanya umuvuduko w'uturemangingo tw'amazi
gusohora amavali;
2. Imiterere yihariye yo gufunga, ku buryo imbaraga zo guhindura zigabanuka cyane;
3. Ibyuma bifunga hagati y'agasanduku n'umubiri w'agasanduku, icyapa cy'agasanduku n'impeta y'intebe y'agasanduku;
4. Gusudira karubide ikozwe mu cyuma ifunga ubuso (itwikiriye) ikoresheje sima, ifite ubushobozi bwo kwangirika neza, irwanya ingese;
5. Impeta y'intebe ihambiriwe n'icyapa gihamye kugira ngo igumane umutekano mwiza;
6. Uruti rufite uburyo bwo kuziba buhinduriwe inyuma kugira ngo byorohereze gusimbuza impeta yo kuziba uruti hakoreshejwe igitutu.

Choke manifold ni ibikoresho bikenewe mu kugenzura imitsi no gushyira mu bikorwa ikoranabuhanga ryo kugenzura umuvuduko w'imyobo ya peteroli na gaze. Iyo icyuma gikingira umuvuduko gifunze, umuvuduko runaka ugenzurwa no gufungura no gufunga valve yo ku mugongo kugira ngo umuvuduko wo hasi ukomeze kuba hejuru gato y'umuvuduko wo ku mugongo, kugira ngo hirindwe ko amazi yo ku mugongo atembera mu mwobo cyane. Byongeye kandi, choke manifold ishobora gukoreshwa mu kugabanya umuvuduko kugira ngo ifunguke neza. Iyo umuvuduko wo ku mugongo uzamutse ku rugero runaka, ikoreshwa mu gusohora umwuka kugira ngo irinde umutwe w'umugongo. Iyo umuvuduko w'umugongo wiyongereye, amazi yo ku mugongo ashobora kurekurwa kugira ngo agenzure umuvuduko wo ku mugongo binyuze mu gufungura no gufunga valve yo ku mugongo (ishobora guhindurwa n'intoki, guhindurwa n'amazi kandi igashyirwaho). Iyo umuvuduko wo ku mugongo uri hejuru cyane, ushobora guhita unyura muri valve yo ku mugongo.