Valve y'igiti cya Noheli ni iki?

Igiti cya Noheli gihujwe ni igice gihujwe aho valve yo hasi, valve yo hejuru, na valve yo gukaraba bihurizwa hamwe mu guteranya ibintu. Ibi bigabanya igihe cyo gukora kw'abakora mu gihe cyo gushyiraho.

Inzu y'amazin'igiti cya Noheli

Umutwe w'amazi ni igice kiri ku buso bw'amazi ya peteroli cyangwa gazi, gitanga inkunga y'imiterere n'aho ibikoresho byo gucukura no gukora bishyirwa.

Inshingano y'ibanze y'umutwe w'iriba ni ugutanga ahantu ho gushyigikira no gufunga umuvuduko ku mugozi uva hasi ku iriba ukagera ku bikoresho byo kugenzura umuvuduko w'amazi.

Mu gihe cyo gucukura amariba, umuvuduko w'ubuso ugenzurwa na Blowout Preventer (BOP). Iyo umuvuduko udagenzurwa n'inkingi y'amazi yo gucukura mu gihe cyo gucukura, aho amazi acukurwa, umutwe w'amazi, na BOP bishobora gucika, bigatera ikibazo cyo gucukura.

Iyo gucukura birangiye, ibikorwa byo kurangiza bikorwa kugira ngo habeho guhuza ibuye ry'ikigega no gukora umuyoboro w'amazi atemba mu iriba. Igiti cya Noheli gishyizwe hejuru y'iriba gifasha kugenzura umuvuduko w'amazi, kirimo uturindantoki two gutandukanya amazi n'udukingo kugira ngo bigenzure uburyo amazi atemba mu iriba mu gihe cyo gukora.

Umutwe w'iriba ukunze guhuzwa n'umugozi wa mbere ushyirwa mu mwanya wawo mu gihe cyo gucukura, bigatuma habaho imiterere yuzuye y'iriba. Ku mariba yo gushakisha azasigara nyuma, umutwe w'iriba ushobora kugaruzwa, kuvugururwa, no kongera gukoreshwa.

Amasoko yo ku nkombe z'inyanja, aherereye ku mbuga zitunganya umusaruro yitwa amasoko yo hejuru; iyo aherereye munsi y'amazi, yitwa amasoko yo munsi y'inyanja cyangwa amasoko y'ibirundo.

Ibisobanuro by'igishushanyo

Ibipimo by'inganda ku miterere y'imiyoboro y'amazi (harimo ibikoresho, ingano, uburyo bwo gupima, n'ibipimo by'umuvuduko) ni ibi bikurikira:

API 6A: Ibisobanuro ku bikoresho by'ikirahure n'ibiti

ISO 10423: Igipimo ngenderwaho cy'ibikoresho by'inyubako n'ibiti

Valve y'igiti cya Noheli ni iki?

Valve y'igiti cya Noheli ni uburyo bugizwe n'udupira, imiyoboro, imiyoboro, n'ibikoresho, byitiriwe ko bisa n'igiti cya Noheli gishushanyije. Ni ngombwa gushimangira ko valve y'igiti cya Noheli itandukanye n'umutwe w'amazi; ikora nk'ikiraro gihuza imiterere y'umwobo wo hasi n'imiterere y'ubuso. Nyuma yo gutangira gukora, utu dupira dushyirwa hejuru y'umutwe w'amazi kugira ngo tuyobore kandi tugenzure urujya n'uruza rw'amazi asohoka.

Izi valve zifite izindi ntego nyinshi, nko kugabanya umuvuduko w'amazi, gutera imiti, kugenzura ibikoresho by'umutekano, no guhuza amashanyarazi mu buryo bwo kugenzura. Zikunze gukoreshwa ku mariba ya peteroli yo munsi y'inyanja ari ku mbuga n'amariba yo hejuru y'amazi. Uru ruhererekane rw'ibice ni ingenzi kugira ngo hakorwe peteroli, gaze karemano, n'indi mitungo ya lisansi ihishe mu butaka, bityo bigatanga ahantu ho guhuza ibice byose by'iriba.

Ishusho iri hejuru igaragaza igiti cya Noheli cyoroshye gifite valve eshanu, ariko sisitemu nyazo za valve z'igiti cya Noheli akenshi ziba zigoye cyane. Valve nyinshi z'igiti cya Noheli zikorwa ku giti cyazo, bigatuma bigorana gusobanura amahame yihariye y'imikorere y'ubwoko bwose.

Valve yo hasi y'umuyobozi mukuru

Valve yo hasi ni valve ikoreshwa mu kugenzura urujya n'uruza rw'amazi ruva ku mutwe w'amazi rujya mu gice cy'igiti. Akenshi, ikoreshwa n'intoki kandi iguma mu buryo buto, kandi ifunguye igice mu gihe cyo kuyikora.

Valve yo hejuru y'umukuru

Valve yo hejuru ni igikoresho cy’umutekano gikoreshwa iyo Valve yo hasi yananiwe cyangwa mu gihe cyo kubungabunga igiti cya Noheli. Ubusanzwe ni valve ikoreshwa kure ihita ifunga iyo yakiriye ikimenyetso cy’umutekano kugira ngo ihagarike amazi yose yinjira mu giti.

Valve y'ibaba ry'ikica

Valve yo kwica ni indi valve ikoreshwa n'intoki kandi ikora nk'aho ihuzwa n'iterwa. Ibintu nk'ibirwanya ingese, methanol, na formula zo gukura amazi mu mubiri bishobora guterwa binyuze muri iyi valve. Bizwi kandi nka valve zo ku ruhande cyangwa valve zo ku mababa ya kabiri.

Valve y'ibaba ry'umusaruro + Valve yo kwitandukanya

Valve y'Ibaba ry'Umusaruro isanzwe iherereye kuri dogere 180 uruhande rw'ikirahure cya Kill Wing. Ni igice gikoreshwa mu buryo bwikora gisaba umuvuduko mwiza wa hydraulic kugira ngo gikomeze gufunguka. Mu gihe cy'ibibazo cyangwa isuku, ibuza gutera/gutembera mu mwobo kandi akenshi ihuzwa na choke kugira ngo igenzure urujya n'uruza rw'amazi n'umuvuduko uri mu mwobo. Choke ifatwa nk' "ifarini" yo gutembera kwa lisansi, bigatuma kugenzura urujya n'uruza rw'amazi ari ingenzi kuri iki gice.

Valve ya Swab + Umupfundikizo n'Igipimo

Valve ya Swab ni indi valve ikoreshwa n'intoki, itanga inzira itaziguye yo gukora mu mwobo wo hasi. T-Cap na gauge y'umuvuduko bitanga ibimenyetso bigaragara byerekana valve ifunguye; urugero, niba valve yo kwica ifunguye kandi valve yo gusukura ifunze, gauge y'umuvuduko igomba kuba 0 psi (nta muvuduko), mu gihe valve yo gukora ifunguye kandi valve yo gusukura nayo ifunguye, gauge y'umuvuduko igomba kwerekana agaciro kagenwe n'ukoresha isukura. Bishobora kandi kuba birimo valve z'ubushyuhe bwa digitale n'izindi sisitemu zo kugenzura kugira ngo harebwe umutekano w'iyi valve, kuko valve nyinshi zikoreshwa n'intoki zisiga umwanya w'ikosa ry'umuntu.

Incamake

Guhitamo valve y'igiti cya Noheli si ukugura ikirango cyangwa ingano ikwiye gusa. Valve y'igiti cya Noheli ni ibikoresho byakozwe mu buryo bwihariye bigomba guhuza n'izindi sisitemu zose mu ikoreshwa ry'ubucukuzi, harimo ipompo, sisitemu zo kugenzura, ibikoresho by'umutekano, n'ibindi bice by'iriba.

Igiti cy'umugezi cyangwa igiti cya Noheli? Itandukaniro ni irihe?

Mu nganda za peteroli na gaze, amagambo "umuyoboro w'amazi" na "igiti cya Noheli" akunze gukoreshwa mu buryo bumwe. Ariko, umutwe w'amazi n'igiti cya Noheli ni ibikoresho bitandukanye rwose. Byombi ni ingenzi mu gukora peteroli na gaze kandi bifite valve n'ibindi bikoresho bifasha mu kugenzura no kuyobora urujya n'uruza rw'ibikoresho.

Umutwe w'amazi ugenzura umuvuduko mu gihe cyo gucukura no gukora. Uherereye ku buso bw'amazi, hagati y'aho amazi afungirwa n'ubutaka bw'aho amazi afungirwa, utanga uburyo bwo kugera ku ruziga rukora neza kandi rugenzurwa. Umutwe w'amazi ushyigikira uruziga kandi ugashyiraho imigozi y'umuvuduko. Mu gihe cyo gucukura, ushyigikira uburyo bwo gukumira umuyaga (Blowout Preventer); mu gihe cyo kurangiza, ushyigikira umutwe w'umuvuduko; kandi nyuma yo kurangiza, ushyigikira igiti cy'umusaruro. Umutwe w'amazi ubaho mu gihe cyo gucukura, kurangiza, no mu gihe cyo gukora.

Intego y'ibanze y'igiti cya Noheli ni ukugenzura uburyo umutungo winjira n'uko usohoka (ubusanzwe peteroli cyangwa gaze) mu iriba mu gihe cyo gukora. Nyuma yo gucukura, igiti cya Noheli kijyanwa aho kiri kigashyirwa ku mutwe w'iriba. Igiti cya Noheli kigizwe n'uruhererekane rw'utubati, utubuto, ibikoresho byo gukamura, n'ibipfukamunwa.

Igiteranyo gisanzwe cy'igiti cya Noheli kiba gifite valve eshanu muri rusange, buri imwe ifite akazi kayo:

Valve yo kwica:Iyi valve ishyiramo amazi nk'ayo gucukura ibyondo cyangwa amazi y'umunyu mu iriba kugira ngo igenzure umuvuduko w'amazi. Ikunze gukoreshwa mu bikorwa byo kwita ku iriba no kubungabunga iriba kugira ngo "yice" iriba, ni ukuvuga kugenzura umuvuduko w'amazi no guhagarika gutemba kw'amazi.

Valve yo gupfuka:Iherereye hejuru y'igiti cya Noheli, imvange y'amazi itanga uburenganzira bwo kugera ku iriba kugira ngo hakoreshwe imiyoboro y'amashanyarazi cyangwa imiyoboro izungurutse. Ibi bituma habaho kwivanga, kubungabunga, cyangwa gutema ibiti by'amazi hatabayeho kwica iriba. Igira uruhare runini mu kubungabunga no gukemura ibibazo.

Valve y'ibaba ry'umusaruro:Iyi valve igenzura urujya n'uruza rwa peteroli na gazi biva mu iriba bijya mu nganda zikora. Ishobora gufungurwa cyangwa gufungwa kugira ngo itangire cyangwa ihagarike umusaruro, kandi inakoreshwa mu kugenzura urujya n'uruza kugira ngo irusheho kunoza umusaruro cyangwa icunge ibibazo bishobora kubaho nko gukora umucanga.

Valve yo hejuru y'umukozi mukuru:Valve yo hejuru ni imwe muri valve zo kwimura amazi, ishobora kuziba burundu amazi ava mu mwobo. Ubusanzwe ikoreshwa mu bihe byihutirwa kugira ngo ihagarike vuba kandi neza urujya n'uruza rwa peteroli na gazi, ikaba irinda cyane umutekano no kubungabunga ibidukikije.

Valve yo hasi y'umukozi mukuru:Valve yo hasi ni indi valve yo kwimura ikoreshwa mu buryo bw'ibanze, ikora nk'iya Upper Master Valve. Itanga uburyo bwo gusimbuza, bigatuma habaho valve yo gufunga mu mwobo mu gihe Upper Master Valve yananiwe kubera impamvu iyo ari yo yose. Kugira Valve zombi zo hejuru n'izo hasi biha abayikoresha uburyo bworoshye bwo koroshya no kunoza ingamba z'umutekano.

Ibi bice bikorana kugira ngo bigenzure umuvuduko w'amazi, bigenzure umuvuduko w'amazi, kandi bitange uburyo bwo kugera ku mwobo mu gihe cyo kurangiza no gukora. Izina ryabyo rikomoka ku kuntu bisa n'igiti cya Noheli gishushanyije. Iki gikoresho cy'ingenzi gikora uruhare runini mu mikorere y'umwobo wo hasi, kugabanya umuvuduko w'amazi, gutera imiti, gukurikirana amazi, imiterere n'umuvuduko w'amazi, ndetse no gusubiza aho anyura mu buryo butuma ahagarara neza.

Ni gute ibirahuri byo mu bwoko bwa S na FS bikoreshwa mu biti by'imigezi n'ibiti bya Noheli?

Ifuru za S-Type na FS-Type zakozwe na CDI zifite amasoko yo kurwanya ikwirakwizwa ry’amashanyarazi akwiriye gukoreshwa mu bushyuhe bwinshi n’ubushyuhe bwinshi. Ifuru za S-Type na FS-Type zitanga ubushobozi bwo kwirinda ikwirakwizwa ry’amashanyarazi mu bidukikije bisaba imbaraga nyinshi zo gufunga (HPHT). Ifuru zacu za S-Type zizwi nk'izisimbura ifuru za T-Pound cyangwa impeta za O zisanzwe zifite ibice bitatu bifite inyuma. Ifuru za FS-Type zishyirwa mu bikoresho byihariye byo gufunga bya elastomeric. Ibi bizifasha kwihanganira icyuho kinini cyo gusohora (kugeza kuri santimetero 0.125). Ifuru za FS-Type zikoreshwa mu bikoresho bifite icyuho kinini cyo gusohora cyangwa aho uburebure bw'ibikoresho bushobora kuba budahuye, bugakoreshwa nk'ubundi buryo bwo gusimbura ifuru za S-Type. Ifuru za FS-Type zihuza amasoko ya ferme n'ibikoresho byihariye byo gufunga bya elastomeric. Iyi miterere ishobora gufunga ahantu hasaba ikwirakwizwa ry’amashanyarazi menshi kugira ngo ihuze n'impinduka mu miyoboro, mu dusanduku, cyangwa mu bice binini by'umurambararo. Ifu ya FS ni ifu ya diametre y'imbere ifite igice kinini, ikoreshwa mu gusohora imyobo minini no mu buso butoshye.

CDI ikora ibipfunyika bya S-Type na FS-Type byiza kandi bikozwe mu buryo busanzwe kandi bukoreshwa mu nganda ikoresheje ibikoresho bya Nitrile Rubber (NBR), Hydrogenated Nitrile Rubber (HNBR), na Fluoroelastomer (FKM) kugira ngo ihuze n'ibyo abakiriya bakeneye mu buryo bwihariye, ibitanga vuba mu gihe cyose cy'ubucuruzi bwabo.

Igiti cya Noheli cyangwa Iteraniro ry'Iriba?

Igiti cya Noheli ni uruhurirane rw'udupira, uduce tw'inyuma, n'ibikoresho bikoreshwa mu byobo bya peteroli, ibyobo bya gazi, ibyobo bishyirwamo amazi, ibyobo bijugunywamo imyanda, ibyobo bishyirwamo gazi, ibyobo bikonjesha, n'ibindi bwoko bw'ibyobo. Izina ryacyo ryavuye mu gusa n'igiti cya Noheli gishushanyije.

Akenshi, amagambo "umutwaro w'amazi" na "igiti cya Noheli" akoreshwa mu buryo bumwe; icyakora, ni ibikoresho bitandukanye rwose. Kugira ngo ukoreshe igiti cya Noheli, umutwe w'amazi ugomba kubaho; icyakora, umutwe w'amazi ushobora kubaho nta giti cya Noheli mu gihe cyo gucukura. Gukora amariba yo hejuru akeneye ipompo (ibikoresho byo kuvoma, indogobe zizunguza, nibindi) ubusanzwe ntibikoresha igiti cya Noheli kuko nta gipimo cyo gufunga umuvuduko.

Mu myaka mike ishize, uburyo ibiti bikozwemo bwariyongereye cyane. Ubusanzwe bikorwa mu byuma birimo valve nyinshi aho kuba bikozwe mu valve nyinshi zifite flange.

Inshingano y'ingenzi y'igiti ni ukugenzura uko amazi yinjira cyangwa asohoka, akenshi ari peteroli cyangwa gaze.

Ibiti bya Noheli bikunze gutanga imirimo itandukanye, harimo aho umuntu atera imiti, aho umuntu akoresha mu gukora umwobo wo hasi, aho umuntu agabanya umuvuduko (nk'aho asohora umwuka), n'aho akoresha mu kugenzura igiti n'amariba (urugero: aho ibikoresho bipima umuvuduko, ubushyuhe, ingese, isuri, aho umuntu amenya umucanga, aho amazi atemba, aho anyura n'aho ahagarara, aho umuntu ahagarara n'aho ahagarara, aho umuntu akoresha icyuma gipima umuvuduko n'ubushyuhe bwo hasi (DHPT), n'ibindi).

Intego y'Inteko y'Umutungo w'Icyumba ni iyihe?

Mu gukora amariba, imiti, alcool, cyangwa peteroli bishobora guterwa kugira ngo hirindwe cyangwa hakemurwe ibibazo by'umusaruro (nk'ibiziba). Ihuriro ry'ihuriro ry'imvura rikoreshwa kandi mu kugenzura ishyirwa rya gaze cyangwa ishyirwa mu mazi mu mariba akora cyangwa adakora kugira ngo hakomeze urwego rw'ubukungu rw' "umusaruro" ku yandi mariba yo muri ako gace (ahantu hacukurwa peteroli). Sisitemu yo kugenzura ihujwe n'ihuriro ry'ihuriro ry'imvura igenzura Valve y'umutekano wa Downhole (SCSSV), mu gihe ihuriro ry'ihuriro ry'imvura rikora nk'aho ari ryo rihuza sisitemu yo kugenzura na SCSSV.

Nkuko mubibona, ndetse no kuri iyi shusho y'igiti cya Noheli, hari valve eshanu. Izo valve ni Valve y'ibaba rya Choke, Valve ya Swab, Valve y'ibaba rya Production, Valve yo hejuru, na Valve yo hasi. Iyo abakora, iriba, n'ibikoresho byiteguye gukora no kwakira peteroli cyangwa gaze, valve zirafunguka, bigatuma amazi yo mu miyoboro yinjira kandi akanyura mu miyoboro. Gusobanukirwa aho izi valve ziherereye n'uruhare rwazo mu gutwara gaze karemano iva mu mwobo ijya ku mukiriya ni ingenzi.

Ibisobanuro by'ibice

Utugozi tubiri two hasi twitwa Master Valve (Hejuru n'Inyuma) kuko tuba turi mu nzira amazi y'iriba agomba kunyuramo kugira ngo agere hejuru.

Valve yo hasi ikoreshwa n'intoki, mu gihe Valve yo hejuru ikoreshwa n'amazi.

Amababa y'amababa ya Hydraulic Tree Christmas asanzwe afunze neza, bivuze ko akeneye umuvuduko uhoraho wa hydraulic kugira ngo agume afunguye.

Valve iri iburyo ikunze kwitwa Valve y'Ibaba ry'Umusaruro cyangwa Valve y'Ibaba ry'Umuvuduko, kuko iba iri mu nzira y'umuvuduko igana ku bikoresho by'umusaruro.

Valve iri ibumoso ikunze kwitwa Valve y'ibaba rya Choke. Ikoreshwa cyane cyane mu gutera amazi nk'ibinini bigabanya ingese cyangwa methanol kugira ngo hirindwe ko amazi yahinduka.

Valve yo hejuru yitwa Swab Valve, iherereye mu nzira ikoreshwa mu bikorwa byo mu mwobo wo hasi nko mu miyoboro y'insinga n'ibikorwa byo gufunga imiyoboro. "Choke" ni igikoresho gishobora gukosorwa cyangwa guhindurwa, gikoreshwa muri:

Kugenzura urujya n'uruza rwa gaze, ruzwi kandi nk'ingano; cyangwa

Gukora igitutu cyo hasi, kizwi kandi nka backpressure.

Twizeye ko ibi bigufasha gusobanukirwa neza itandukaniro riri hagati y'igiti cy'umusatsi n'igiti cya Noheli. Ariko, niba ufite ikibazo icyo ari cyo cyose, twandikire.

Umuntu wo kuvugana na we: Jessie Zhou

Telefoni igendanwa/Whatsapp:+0086-18109206861

Email: energy@landrilltools.com