1. Gukoresha icyuma gica munsi y'amazi ni iki?
Gukoresha amashanyarazi amanuka mu mwobo ni uburyo bwa tekiniki bwo kwemeza ko umusaruro usanzwe w’amariba ya peteroli n’amazi ukorwa mu gihe cyo gushakisha no guteza imbere ibikomoka kuri peteroli. Amavuta na gaze karemano bitwikiriwe munsi y’ubutaka ni umutungo w’agaciro mu butaka. Ubu butunzi bwa peteroli bucukurwa mu nzira z’amabuye zicukurwa mu butaka ku giciro kinini. Mu gihe kirekire cyo gukora, amariba ya peteroli n’amazi ahora agirwaho ingaruka n’amazi atemba, ku buryo amariba ya peteroli ahora ahinduka, agenda asaza buhoro buhoro, kandi hakabaho ubwoko butandukanye bw’intege nke, bigatuma umusaruro usanzwe w’amariba ya peteroli n’amazi unanirwa. Ndetse birahagarikwa. Kubwibyo, ni ngombwa gukora ibikorwa byo gukwirakwiza amariba ya peteroli n’amazi afite ibibazo n’intege nke, kugira ngo hasubizwe umusaruro usanzwe w’amariba ya peteroli n’amazi. Ibikorwa byo gukwirakwiza amariba bikubiyemo cyane cyane kubungabunga amariba ya peteroli n’amazi, kuvugurura amariba ya peteroli n’amazi, kubaka ikigega no gupima peteroli.
2. Imirimo yo kubungabunga
Mu gikorwa cyo gukora amavuta no gushyira amazi mu mariba y’amavuta n’amazi, bitewe no gukora umucanga n’umunyu, gutwikira imiterere, gufunga umucanga w’ipompo, gufata umunyu, cyangwa gushyiramo ishashi y’imiyoboro, kwangirika kw’imashini zipakira, kwangirika kw’imashini zipakira, imiyoboro, gusohora amavuta Kubera impamvu zitandukanye nko kwangirika kw’inkoni, amariba y’amavuta n’amazi ntashobora gukorwa mu buryo busanzwe. Intego yo kubungabunga amariba y’amavuta n’amazi ni ukugarura umusaruro usanzwe w’amariba y’amavuta n’amazi binyuze mu mirimo no mu bwubatsi.
Gusana amariba y'amavuta n'amazi bikubiyemo: gutera amazi mu igerageza, gusimbuza agapfundikizo, gupima imiterere y'amazi akoreshwa mu gupima; kugenzura ipompo y'amariba y'amavuta, gusukura umucanga, kugenzura umucanga, gukata ibishashara mu gipfundikizo, kuziba amazi no kuvura impanuka zo mu mwobo n'ibindi bikorwa byo kongeramo.
Pompe yo kugenzura ibigega by'amavuta
Iyo pompe y'amazi iri gukora muri iyo pompe, yibasirwa n'umucanga, ishara, gaze, amazi n'ibindi bintu byangiza, byangiza ibice bya pompe, bigatuma pompe inanirwa gukora, kandi iyo pompe igahagarika gukora. Kubwibyo, kugenzura pompe ni uburyo bw'ingenzi bwo gukomeza gukora neza kwa pompe no gukomeza gukora neza kwa pompe.
Ingano nyamukuru y'akazi k'ipompo igenzura ikigega cy'amavuta ni ukuzamura no kumanura inkoni yo gukurura n'umuyoboro w'amavuta. Umuvuduko w'ikigega ntuba uri hejuru, kandi igikoresho cyo gukurura gishobora gukoreshwa mu bikorwa byo mu mwobo. Ku mariba afite ibintu bigwa cyangwa umuvuduko wo hejuru gato, amazi meza cyangwa amazi meza ashobora gukoreshwa mu bikorwa byo mu mwobo nyuma y'uko ikigega gifunze, kandi kwica ibyondo bigomba kwirindwa.
Hakwiye kwitabwaho cyane imirimo yo kugenzura pompe: kubara neza uburebure bwa pompe, guhuza neza inkoni zo kogosha n'imiyoboro, no gukoresha inkoni zo kogosha zibifitiye ubushobozi, imashini zo kogosha n'imashini zitogosha, n'ibindi, ibyo bikaba ari ingamba z'ingenzi zo kunoza imikorere myiza ya pompe.
Gutera amazi mu kibuga cy'amavuta
Gutera amazi mu gice cy'amavuta ni uburyo bwiza bwo kubungabunga umuvuduko w'amavuta, kandi ni uburyo bwiza bwo kubungabunga umusaruro urambye kandi uhagije mu bice by'amavuta, kongera umuvuduko wo kugarura amavuta no kongera umuvuduko wo kugarura amavuta mu buryo buhoraho.
Nyuma y’uko gahunda yo guteza imbere ikoreshwa ry’amazi mu gushora peteroli igenwe, kugira ngo haboneke amakuru ajyanye n’ingenzi nko gushongesha inshinge n’ingano y’inshinge za buri gice cy’inshinge, hagomba gukorwa igerageza ryo gutera inshinge mbere yo gutera amazi ku mugaragaro.
Gutera amazi mu igerageza: mbere yuko iriba ry'amavuta rishyirwa mu mazi ku mugaragaro, inzira yo kugerageza no kubaka ikoreshwa ry'i ...
Uburyo bwo gufunga amazi mu buryo bwihariye
Mu gikorwa cyo guteza imbere urusobe rw'amavuta, amazi ava mu rusobe rw'amavuta azagira ingaruka zikomeye ku mirimo yo guteza imbere urusobe rw'amavuta, ndetse anagabanye umuvuduko wo kugarura amavuta mu rusobe rw'amavuta. Nyuma y'uko iriba ry'amavuta ritanga amazi, banza umenye urugero rw'amazi, hanyuma ukoreshe uburyo bwo kuyafunga kugira ngo uyafunge. Intego yo kuziba amazi ni ukugenzura uko amazi agenda mu rusobe rw'amazi no guhindura icyerekezo cy'amazi mu rusobe rw'amavuta, kunoza imikorere y'amazi yuzura, no kugerageza gutuma umusaruro w'amazi mu rusobe rw'amavuta ugabanuka cyangwa ugahagarara mu gihe runaka, kugira ngo hakomeze kwiyongera umusaruro w'amavuta cyangwa umusaruro uhamye no kunoza ubwiyongere bw'urusobe rw'amavuta.
Ikoranabuhanga ryo gufunga amazi rishobora kugabanywamo ibice bibiri: gufunga amazi hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga n'amazi hakoreshejwe imiti. Gufunga amazi hakoreshejwe imiti birimo gufunga amazi mu buryo bwa gakondo n'amazi adatoranyije ndetse no guhindura imiterere y'amazi mu byobo bishyirwamo amazi.
1.Gufunga amazi hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhangani ugukoresha ibikoresho byo gupakira n'ibikoresho byo gupfunyika mu mwobo kugira ngo ufunge urwego rw'amazi mu mwobo w'amavuta. Ubwo bwoko bwo gufunga amazi nta guhitamo bufite. Mu gihe cyo kubaka, umugozi w'umuyoboro ugomba gushyirwaho kugira ngo ufungure neza kandi uhambire neza, kugira ngo ugere ku ntego yo gufunga amazi. Ubu buryo bwo gufunga amazi bushobora gufunga urwego rwo hejuru kugira ngo rucukure urwego rwo hasi, gufunga urwego rwo hasi kugira ngo rucukure urwego rwo hejuru, cyangwa gufunga urwego rwo hagati kugira ngo rucukure impera zombi no gufunga impera zombi kugira ngo rucukure urwego rwo hagati.
2.Gufunga amazi hakoreshejwe imitini ugushyiramo igikoresho gifunga amazi mu gice cy’amazi gisohoka, no gukoresha imiterere ya shimi y’igikoresho gifunga amazi cyangwa ibintu biva mu mpinduka z’ibinyabutabire mu gice cy’amazi kugira ngo bifunge inzira z’amazi zisohoka mu gice cy’amazi kandi bigabanye igabanuka ry’amazi mu iriba ry’amavuta.
Gufunga amazi neza ni ugusohora polymeri nini cyangwa ibintu bidafite umwimerere bihita bikomera iyo bihuye n'amazi mu miterere yayo. Ingirabuzimafatizo y'amazi muri polymeri ifite ubushobozi bwo kwinjira no gushonga mu mazi iyo ihuye n'amazi, kandi irakura; iragabanuka iyo ihuye n'amavuta, kandi nta ngaruka igira ku gushonga. Ibintu bidafite umwimerere bikora imvura no gushonga iyo bihuye n'amazi bishobora kuziba inzira y'amazi yo gusohora, kandi ntibizatanga imvura cyangwa gushonga iyo bihuye n'amavuta.
Gufunga amazi mu buryo budatoranya ahanini bishingiye ku duce duto two gufunga amazi kugira ngo tuzibe imyenge yo gukora. Ubu buryo bwo kuziba amazi ntibuziba gusa umuyoboro w'amazi, ahubwo bunaziba umuyoboro w'amavuta.
Kuvugurura amariba y'amavuta
Mu gikorwa cyo gukora amariba y’amavuta, akenshi bitewe n’impanuka zo mu mwobo umanuka n’izindi mpamvu, amariba y’amavuta n’amazi ntashobora gukorwa mu buryo busanzwe, cyane cyane nyuma y’uko ibintu bifashe mu mwobo umanuka bikagwa, umusaruro w’amariba y’amavuta n’amazi uzagabanuka cyangwa ugahagarara, kandi mu bihe bikomeye, amariba y’amavuta n’amazi azasenywa. Kubwibyo, ni ingamba y’ingenzi kugira ngo habeho umusaruro usanzwe w’ubutaka bw’amavuta kugira ngo hirindwe ko habaho impanuka zo mu mwobo umanuka no kuzikemura vuba. Ibikubiye mu ivugurura ry’amariba y’amavuta n’amazi birimo: gukoresha impanuka zo mu mwobo umanuka, gutabara ibintu bigwa mu buryo bugoye, gusana agasanduku, gukurura inzira, nibindi.
Ivugurura ry'amariba y'ibikomoka kuri peteroli n'amazi riragoye, riragoye, kandi risaba imbaraga nyinshi mu bya tekiniki. Byongeye kandi, hari impamvu nyinshi zitera impanuka zo mu mazi, kandi hari ubwoko bwinshi bw'impanuka zo mu mazi. Impanuka zikunze kugaragara mu mazi muri rusange zigabanyijemo ibice bitatu: impanuka za tekiniki, impanuka zo mu miyoboro yafatiwe mu mazi n'impanuka zo mu mazi. Mu guhangana nabyo, ni ngombwa kumenya imiterere y'impanuka, kumenya icyateye impanuka, no gufata ingamba za tekiniki kugira ngo zikemurwe neza. Impanuka zose za tekiniki zibaho mu gihe cy'igikorwa, kandi zishobora gukemurwa mbere y'igihe hakurikijwe icyateye impanuka mu gihe cy'iyubakwa. Impanuka zo mu mazi yafatiwe mu mazi n'impanuka zo mu mazi yafatiwe mu mazi ni zo mpanuka zikomeye zigira ingaruka ku musaruro usanzwe w'amariba y'ibikomoka kuri peteroli n'amazi. IMPANUKA. Ni umubare munini w'impanuka zikunze kugaragara munsi y'ubutaka.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Kanama-11-2023
5-1203, Akarere k'Inganda ka Dahua, No. 2 Umuhanda wa Yunshui, Akarere k'iterambere ry'ikoranabuhanga rihanitse, Xi'an, 710065, mu Bushinwa
86-13609153141
