Amakuru

Sisitemu Iyobora Izenguruka (RSS) ni sisitemu yo gucukura iyobora, mu gihe umugozi w'imashini uzenguruka, igenzura kandi ikagenzura uko umuyoboro w'imashini uzenguruka mu gihe nyacyo kugira ngo ikore imirimo yo kuyobora, bigatuma ibikorwa byo gucukura bigera ku ntego neza. Ikoreshwa cyane mu byuma by'icyerekezo n'iby'imyobo itambitse.
I. Gucukura mu cyerekezo
Gucukura hakoreshejwe icyerekezo ni ikoranabuhanga ryo gucukura rikoresha ibikoresho byihariye byo gucukura, ibikoresho byo gupima, n'ubuhanga bwo kugenzura neza inzira y'aho amazi anyura, bigatuma igice cy'aho amazi anyura kigera ku ntego yagenwe mu cyerekezo runaka. Muri make, gucukura hakoreshejwe icyerekezo ni uburyo bwo gucukura aho amazi anyura hakurikijwe inguni yagenwe mbere na azimuth kugira ngo igere ku gice cy'aho amazi anyura.
Ubwoko bw'ingenzi bw'umwirondoro burimo ibyiciro bitatu:

Ishusho y'ibice bibiri: igice gihagaze + igice cyo kubaka
Imiterere y'ibice bitatu: igice gihagaze + igice cyo kwiyubaka + igice cyo kuzunguruka
Imiterere y'ibice bitanu: igice cyo hejuru gihagaze + igice cyo kwiyubaka + igice cyo kuzunguruka + igice cyo kumanuka + igice cyo hasi gihagaze

Intambwe eshatu z'ingenzi mu ikoranabuhanga ryo gucukura mu cyerekezo:

① Gukoresha icyuma gikoresha icyuma gicana icyuma (igikoresho cyo gucukura) mu gucukura mu cyerekezo
② Gukoresha moteri icukura mu buryo bw'icyerekezo hamwe n'icyuma gipfundikiye
③ Gukoresha moteri iyobora (moteri ifite umwobo ugonganye) mu gucukura mu cyerekezo

II. Gucukura mu buryo butambitse

Amariba atambitse ni ubwoko bw'iriba ry'icyerekezo. Amariba asanzwe ya peteroli ahagaze cyangwa anyura mu kigega, igice gito kinyura mu kigega. Mu buryo bunyuranye, amariba atambitse acukurwa ahagaze cyangwa anyura mu kigega, hanyuma ikigega kigahindukira hafi y'aho gihagaze, kigenda kibangikanye n'ikigega kandi kigacukura igice kirekire kugeza kirangiye. Ayo mariba ashobora kunyura mu kigega metero amagana cyangwa zirenga ibihumbi bibiri, bityo bigatuma amavuta agaruka neza. Ubudahangarwa bw'amazi y'ikigega yinjira mu kigega buragabanuka, bigatuma ubushobozi bwo gukora buruta inshuro nyinshi ubw'amariba asanzwe ahagaze cyangwa ahindagurika.

Garuka kuri RSS

RSS itanga ibyiza nko kugabanuka kw'ubushyuhe n'imbaraga, umuvuduko mwinshi wo kwinjira (ROP), igiciro gito, igihe gito cyo kubaka iriba, inzira yoroshye yo kunyuramo, uburyo bworoshye bwo kugenzura, n'uburebure bw'igice cy'amazi. Igizwe ahanini na sisitemu yo kuzenguruka igenda hasi, sisitemu yo kugenzura no kugenzura ubuso, hamwe n'ikoranabuhanga ry'itumanaho rihuza ibyo bice bibiri.

RSS ishobora gushyirwa mu byiciro hakurikijwe uburyo bwo gukora bw'uburyo bwayo bwo kuyobora muuruhande rudahindukanauruhande rushingiye ku miterere y'umubiriDukurikije ihame ry'ubuyobozi, rishobora kugabanywamo ibicegusunika-igicenaingingo-n'igicesisitemu.

① Kanda kuri bit

Ubu buryo bukoresha imbaraga zo ku ruhande rw'igice hafi y'igice. Ingufu zo guhagarara z'igice cyo hasi cy'umwobo wo hasi uzunguruka (RSBHA) zishyirwa hafi y'igice, hamwe n'ibikoresho byinshi byo gucukura imigozi bihujwe mu buryo bukurikiranye. Mu gihe cyo kuyobora, imbaraga zo guhindukira zikomoka ku gikoresho cyo kuyobora giteye ubwoba zituma RSBHA ihindukira ikongera ikubaka inguni. (Ibi akenshi bituma imiterere y'aho hari ikirenge igaragara, isuku y'aho hari ikirenge iteye nabi, kandi uburebure bw'aho hari ikirenge bugabanuka neza, ni ukuvuga ko ingano y'aho hari ikirenge iba ntoya kuruta umurambararo wa bit.)

② Ingingo-ku-igice

Ubu buryo buyobora igice cy'umugozi werekeza aho umugozi wifuzwa unyura binyuze mu kugonda umugozi wo gucukura hafi y'igice cy'umugozi. Igikoresho cyo gucunga umugozi cya RSBHA gishyirwa hagati y'ibice bibiri bicunga umugozi, bigatuma urwego rwo kuyobora ruzunguruka ahanini binyuze mu nguni ya bit. (Ubuziranenge bwiza bw'umugozi, hamwe n'ubukana ntarengwa bw'amaguru burenga 15°/30m.)