Ubushakashatsi ku bikoresho byongera umuvuduko mu gucukura

Muri iki gihe, ibikoresho byongera umuvuduko mu gucukura bigabanyijemo ibice bibiri: ubwoko bwa mekanike n'ubwoko bwa hydraulic. Ibikoresho bya mekanike bikoresha Weight on Bit (WOB) kugira ngo bitange imbaraga z'ingaruka, ibyo bikaba binoza neza imikorere yo kumena amabuye mu miterere ikomeye, ariko hari ibibazo nko guhindagura cyane, gukoresha ingufu nyinshi, no kwangirika byoroshye. Ibikoresho bya hydraulic bikoresha amazi yo gucukura kugira ngo bitere inyundo z'ingaruka, bihuza ingaruka, kuzunguruka n'indege kugira ngo bimena amabuye. Bifite inyungu zikomeye mu kongera igipimo cyo kwinjira (ROP), kugenzura kunyura mu iriba no kongera igihe cy'imiterere, ariko muri rusange bigira ibibazo nko guhindagurika kw'ingaruka imwe no kugorwa no guhuza n'ibikenewe mu miterere itandukanye.

Ikoranabuhanga ryo gucukura ingaruka rigabanyijemo ibice bitatu bitewe n'uburyo rikorwamo: ikoranabuhanga ryo gucukura ingaruka ku ruti rw'umugongo, ikoranabuhanga ryo gucukura ingaruka ku ruti rw'umugongo n'ikoranabuhanga ryo gucukura ingaruka ku ruti rw'umugongo. Intego nyamukuru yo gucukura ingaruka kugira ngo wongere umuvuduko ni uguhindura ingufu z'umuvuduko wa gaze cyangwa amazi mo ingufu z'amashanyarazi zikoreshwa ku ruti rw'umugongo cyangwa ku ruti rw'umugongo binyuze mu gikoresho gikoresha imbaraga, gishyirwa ku mpera y'inyuma y'igice, bikongera imiterere yo gukata igice no kongera ubushobozi bwo gukata igice.

Ikoranabuhanga ryo gucukura imirasire y'ingufu mu buryo bwa Torsional ni ikoranabuhanga rigezweho ryongera umuvuduko mu gucukura mu myaka ya vuba aha, rikoreshwa cyane cyane mu gukemura vibration ya "stick-slip" iterwa na PDC bits. Iyo ikoreshwa, torsional impactor ishyirwa inyuma y'igice. Binyuze mu miterere yayo y'imbere, ishobora guhindura ingufu za hydraulic z'amazi mo ingufu za mechanical impact torsional. Igice cya bit gisambura ibuye bitewe n'imikorere ya torque ihamye y'umugozi wo gucukura n'impact torque ikorwa n'igikoresho.

akurikije ingero atanga ibikoresho bibiri bishya

1. Igikoresho cyo gucukura cyiyongera umuvuduko gifite ingaruka zishobora guhindurwa

Igikoresho cyo gucukura gikoresha hydraulic gishobora kongera umuvuduko gifite imiterere y'ingenzi y'ingaruka igizwe n'amaberari, umubiri wo hasi w'umugozi, piston pairs, inyundo y'ingaruka, umunwa w'umugozi n'ibindi bice.

Ihame ry'imikorere:Ikoresha itandukaniro ry'umuvuduko ukorwa n'amazi yo gucukura mu byumba byo hejuru n'ibyo hasi by'inyundo y'ingufu kugira ngo itere inyundo y'ingufu kugira ngo isubirane ku muvuduko mwinshi, ikora imbaraga z'ingufu zoherezwa mu buryo butaziguye ku gice cyo hasi kugira ngo ifashe mu gusenya amabuye. Icy'ingenzi ni uko iki gikoresho gishobora guhindura inshuro z'ingufu gihindura umubare w'imyobo iri mu gice cyo hasi cy'umuyoboro, bityo kigakora ku buryo buhuye n'ibikenewe mu gucukura mu buryo butandukanye.

Gukoresha Igikoresho cyo kongera umuvuduko wo gucukura gifite ingaruka zishobora guhinduka

Isuzuma ry’Umurima mu Miterere Iciriritse: Hashingiwe ku nshuro nziza y’ingaruka (16 Hz) yatoranijwe hakoreshejwe simulation y’imibare, iki gikoresho cyageragejwe muri Well X1 ya Xinjiang Oilfield. Mu gice cyo gushingwa gifite imbaraga nyinshi zo gukurura no kugabanya igipimo cyo kwinjira (ROP), kugereranya n’iriba riri hafi hakoreshejwe igikoresho cyo gucukura screw bigaragaza ko nyuma yo gukoresha iki gikoresho, footage y’imashini imwe yiyongereyeho 53%, ROP ya mechanical yiyongereyeho 27.0%, bigabanya neza umubare w’ingendo kandi bizigama igihe cyo kubaka.

Isuzuma ry’Umurima mu Gutera Ingufu: Hakurikijwe inshuro nziza z’ingaruka (18 Hz) zatoranijwe hakoreshejwe uburyo bwo gupima imibare, iki gikoresho cyageragejwe mu miterere ya Carboniferous Andesite na Basalt ariko ubushobozi bwo gucukura buke muri Well X3 ya Xinjiang Oilfield.

Umwanzuro: Ibisubizo bigaragaza ko nyuma yo gukoresha iki gikoresho, ROP y’imashini yiyongereweho cyane 103.2% ugereranije n’amariba yegeranye, ibi bikaba bigaragaza neza ko ishobora kunoza cyane imikorere myiza yo gucukura no kugabanya imikorere y’icukura mu buryo butandukanye.

2. Igikoresho cyo gucukura imashini zikoresha uburyo bwo gucukura butuma umuvuduko wiyongera

Hakozwe uburyo bwo gukwirakwiza amazi mu kirere, igice cy’imbere kigizwe n’ibice bitatu: uburyo bwo gukwirakwiza amazi mu kirere, uburyo bwo gusubira inyuma, n’uburyo bwo gukwirakwiza amazi mu kirere.

Uburyo bwo kugenda: Mu ntangiriro (aho a), amazi afite umuvuduko mwinshi yinjira mu mwobo w'ibumoso wa nyundo ya hydraulic anyuze mu muyoboro w'ibumoso w'inkingi ya valve isubira inyuma, asunika inyundo ya hydraulic n'inkingi ya valve kugira ngo bizunguruke mu buryo bw'isaha kugeza igihe nyundo ya hydraulic ikoze ku ntebe ya hydraulic (aho aherereye). Nyuma yo gukubita, amazi afite umuvuduko mwinshi yinjira mu mwobo w'iburyo wakozwe na nyundo ya hydraulic n'inkingi ya valve binyuze mu muyoboro w'iburyo ugenzura, asunika inkingi ya valve kugira ngo ikomeze kuzenguruka mu buryo bw'isaha kugeza aho isubira inyuma (aho aherereye c), kugira ngo amazi afite umuvuduko mwinshi ahindukire ku muyoboro w'iburyo w'inyundo ya hydraulic, ayobore nyundo ya hydraulic n'inkingi ya valve kugira ngo bizunguruke mu buryo bunyuranyije n'isaha (aho aherereye c). Kugeza igihe nyundo ya hydraulic yongeye gukora ku ntebe ya hydraulic (aho aherereye d), amazi afite umuvuduko mwinshi yinjira mu mwobo w'ibumoso anyuze mu muyoboro w'ibumoso ugenzura, asunika inkingi ya valve kugira ngo izunguruke mu buryo bunyuranyije n'isaha kugira ngo isubire inyuma kandi igaruke mu mimerere ya mbere (aho abereye). Ibi bizenguruka, bigakora ingaruka zikomeye zisubirana binyuze mu gusubira inyuma no guhindagurika biyobowe n'amazi.

Ihame ry'imikorere:Nyuma y'uko amazi (icyondo) yinjiriye mu gipfundikizo cy'amazi anyura mu gice cyo hejuru n'umuyoboro w'ubuyobozi, akwirakwizwa mu buryo bwo gusubira inyuma n'uburyo bwo gutera, maze inzira ebyiri z'amazi zitandukanywa n'icyuma gikwirakwiza amazi. Nyuma y'ibyo, amazi anyura mu ruzi ruri mu gice cy'umuvuduko, agakora uturere tw'umuvuduko mwinshi n'utwo hasi mbere na nyuma yacyo. Igice cy'imbere cy'umuvuduko usubira inyuma kizunguruka munsi y'itandukaniro ry'umuvuduko, kikagenzura umwobo w'ibumoso n'iburyo w'inyundo ya hydraulic kugira ngo gihuze n'uturere tw'umuvuduko mwinshi n'utwo hasi, bigatuma inyundo ya hydraulic yisubirana kugira ngo ikore ku ntebe ya hydraulic handle hifashishijwe itandukaniro ry'umuvuduko, bityo igakora ingaruka zikomeye zo guhindukira.

Agace ko hejuru ka 1-Upper Sub; Agasanduku ko hanze ka 2-Cosing; Umuyoboro w'ubuyobozi 3-Guide; Agakoresho ko gukwirakwiza amazi ka 4-Flow; Isahani yo gukwirakwiza amazi ka 5-Flow; Bolt 6; Impeta yo gushyigikira 7-Upper; Intebe y'inyundo ya Hydraulic 8-Hydraulic; Inyundo ya Hydraulic 9-Hydraulic; Insinga ya Valve 10-Reversering; Impeta yo gushyigikira 11-Lower; Mandrel 12; Agace ko hasi ka 13-Lower;

Ishusho y'icyitegererezo cy'imiterere y'uburyo bwo kugabanya ingaruka z'ingufu mu miterere y'ingufu mu miyoboro y'amazi

Uburyo bwo Kugenda mu Mikorere y'Ingaruka zo mu Muyoboro w'Ingufu

Ubwoko bw'uburyo bwo gukurura imirasire y'amazi (axial impact) bwakozwe. Imiterere y'imbere y'imirasire y'amazi (hydraulic axial impactors) igabanyijemo ubwoko bubiri: ubwoko bwa valve n'ubwoko butagira valve. Imiterere y'imbere y'imirasire y'amazi (valve-type impactors) iragoye kandi ntiyizerwa; ubwoko butagira valve bugizwe ahanini n'ubwoko bwa jet n'ubwoko bwa jet-suction, muri bwo ubwoko bwa jet bumara igihe gito. Umurasire w'amazi (jet-suction hydraulic impactor) ufite imiterere yoroshye, umenya ingaruka zishingiye ku gukurura imirasire y'amazi n'ingaruka zo gukurura imirasire y'amazi, ufite ibice bike by'imbere kandi nta bice by'umubiri bishobora kwangirika, kandi ushobora kwimenyereza neza imiterere y'umwobo ugoye.

Intebe y'Agasanduku ko hejuru 1; Agasanduku ko hejuru 2; Agasanduku ko hejuru 3; Agasanduku k'agati ko hejuru 4; Agasanduku ko hejuru 5; Agasanduku ko hanze 6; Agasanduku ko gushyigikira 7; Inyundo y'ingaruka 8; Umutwe w'inyundo 9; Intebe y'inyundo 10; Umupfundikizo w'uburinzi 11; Ihame ry'imikoranire ya hexagonal 12 ry'uburyo bwo gukorana hagati y'agati.

Ihinduka ry'Itandukaniro ry'Umuvuduko w'Imbere n'Umuvuduko: Amazi afite umuvuduko mwinshi akora umuvuduko mwinshi unyuze mu munwa wo hejuru. Mu gihe cy'ibikorwa byo gukurura no gukurura, itandukaniro ry'umuvuduko rigaragara mu byumba byo hejuru n'ibyo hasi bya valve yo hejuru, ndetse no hagati y'icyumba cyo hejuru cyo hanze cy'inyundo y'ingufu n'impera yo hepfo y'umutwe w'inyundo.

Izamuka ry'Ibice n'Ifunga ry'Umuyoboro w'Imvura: Bitewe n'itandukaniro ry'umuvuduko wabyo, valve yo hejuru izamuka, kandi ibice by'ingufu (umuyoboro w'inyongera, inyundo y'ingufu, n'umutwe w'inyundo) nabyo bizamuka kugeza igihe umutwe w'inyongera uhuye na valve yo hejuru ugafunga umuyoboro w'ingufu.

Gukora Nyundo y'Amazi no Kumanuka kw'Amahuriro: Gufunga ako kanya umuyoboro w'amazi bitera kwiyunga kw'inyundo y'amazi, kandi umuvuduko mu cyumba uzamuka cyane, bigasunika valve yo hejuru n'ibice by'ingufu kugira ngo bihuze bimanuka hamwe.

Impanuka y'Iterambere n'Isubirana ry'Uruziga: Nyuma y'uko valve yo hejuru igiye ku mwanya wo hasi, ibice by'impanuka bikomeza kumanuka munsi y'iterambere, hanyuma bigakubita ku ntebe y'inyundo kugira ngo birangize iterambere ry'umurongo. Nyuma y'iterambere, umuyoboro w'amazi usubira ku buryo bwiza, kandi uburyo bwo gukora bugasubirana nyuma y'igikorwa cya Weight on Bit (WOB), bigatangira urukurikirane rw'iterambere.

Umuntu wo kuvugana nawe:Jessie Zhou

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