Guhitamo ibikoresho byo gukoresha mu mwobo utose bigira ingaruka ku bintu byinshi. Ukurikije ubwoko bw'ibikoresho byo mu mwobo utose:
Ibikoresho byo gucukura, ibikoresho byo kwandika ububiko, naibikoresho byo gukoraIbi bikoresho bifite umwobo wo hasi umara igihe gito, bityo bisaba imbaraga nyinshi ariko ntibisaba kwangirika cyane.
Ibikoresho byo kurangiza: Bigomba gukoreshwa mu gihe cy'imyaka myinshi, bityo ubushyuhe bw'aho amazi anyura n'ubudahangarwa bw'ingese bigomba kwitabwaho.
Ukurikije imiterere y'ibidukikije biri mu mwobo muto, bikunze kugabanywa mu byiciro bine:
Ibidukikije bisanzwe (bidafite sulfide ya hydrogen (H₂S), bifite dioxyde de carbone (CO₂) munsi ya 1 psi [hafi 0.0069 MPa]); Ibidukikije bya corruption bya H₂S; Ibidukikije bya corruption bya CO₂; Ibidukikije bya corruption bya H₂S na CO₂.
Guhitamo ibikoresho byo gukoresha mu gupfuka ibikoresho mu bidukikije bisanzwe
Ku bikoresho byo mu mazi bikoreshwa mu bidukikije bisanzwe, ibyuma bya aluminiyumu nka 4130, 4140, na 4145 (amanota ya AISI) akenshi biratoranywa. Imiterere y'ibinyabutabire n'imbaraga za mekanike by'ibi bikoresho bigaragara mu mbonerahamwe zikurikira:
1. Kugereranya ibinyabutabire (Igice cy'ibinyabutabire)
| Igice | 4130 (AISI) | 4140 (AISI) | 4145 (AISI 4145H) |
| Karuboni (C) | 0.28-0.33% | 0.33-0.48% | 0.43-0.48% |
| Manganese (Mn) | 0.40-0.60% | 0.75-1.00% | 0.75-1.00% |
| Chromium (Cr) | 0.80-1.10% | 0.80-1.10% | 0.80-1.10% |
| Molybdenum (Mo) | 0.15-0.25% | 0.15-0.25% | 0.15-0.25% |
| Silikoni (Si) | 0.15-0.35% | 0.15-0.35% | 0.15-0.35% |
| Sulfure (S)/Fosforu (P) | ≤0.040% (S), ≤0.035% (P) | ≤0.030% (S), ≤0.030% (P) | ≤0.030% (S), ≤0.030% (P) |
2. Kugereranya imbaraga za Mekanike
| Imitungo ya Mekanike | 4130 | 4140 | 4145 (Icyiciro cya H, Agaciro Gasanzwe) |
| Imbaraga zo Gufata | 760-871 MPa | 795-1000 MPa | 950-1100 MPa |
| Imbaraga z'umusaruro | ≥635 MPa | ≥610-750 MPa | ≥750 MPa |
| Kurekura | ≥17% | ≥22% | ≥10% |
| Ubukomere (HRC) | 28-32 (nyuma yo kuzimya no gushyushya) | 28-34 (nyuma yo kuzimya no gushyushya) | 32-36 (nyuma yo kuzimya no gushyushya) |
Nkuko bigaragara mu mbonerahamwe:
Ingano ya karuboni muri ibi bikoresho yiyongera mu buryo bukurikiranye (4130 < 4140 < 4145), mu gihe ibirimo ibindi bintu bisa.
Imiterere ya mekanike: Ingufu zifitanye isano ryiza n'ingano ya karuboni—4145 ifite imbaraga nyinshi—mu gihe gukomera kugabanuka mu buryo bunyuranye, aho 4130 ifite imbaraga nyinshi.
4130, 4140, na 4145 ni amanota mpuzamahanga y’ibikoresho, kandi ingano yabyo mu gihugu mu Bushinwa ni iyi ikurikira:
- 4130 (AISI) ≡ Icyiciro cyo mu rugo 30CrMoA;
- 4140 (AISI) ≡ Icyiciro cyo mu rugo 42CrMo;
- 4145H (AISI) ≡ Icyiciro cyo mu rugo 45CrMo.
4130 na 4140 zikwiriye ibikoresho bisanzwe byo kurangiza, hibandwa ku gukoresha neza amafaranga no gusudira.
4145H ikunze gukoreshwa mu bikoresho birebire, bifite umuvuduko mwinshi, cyangwa ibikoresho biremereye cyane (nk'ibikoresho byo gucukura n'ibikoresho byo gukoraho), hagashyirwa imbere imbaraga n'ubudahangarwa.
Guhitamo ibikoresho byo kurangiza ibikoresho mu bidukikije byangiritse
Ku bikoresho byo kurangiza ahantu hangirika, guhitamo biterwa ahanini n'igitutu cy'imyuka ikomoka kuri aside (igabanyijemo ubwoko bubiri: CO₂ na H₂S).
1. Amariba afite CO₂ nyinshi
Kugira ngo CO₂ irwanye kwangirika, chromium (Cr) igomba kongerwa. Ibikoresho bikurikira (bitondekanywe hakurikijwe ingano ya Cr) bishobora gutwikira amasoko afite igitutu cya CO₂ cy'igice kiri hagati ya 0.5 MPa na 14 MPa:3Cr (ibikubiye muri Cr ≈ 3%), 9Cr1Mo (ibikubiye muri Cr ≈ 9%), 13Cr, S13Cr, 17Cr (urwego rwa S17400), 22Cr (urugero: icyuma gifunganye cya duplex S32205), n'icyuma cya 25Cr.
2. Amariba afite H₂S nyinshi
Kugira ngo bigabanye ingese ya sulfide stress cracking (SSC), ingano ya nikeli (Ni) mu bikoresho igomba kongerwa. Iyo igitutu cya H₂S kiri hejuru ya 1 MPa kandi igitutu cya CO₂ kiri hejuru, hagomba gukoreshwa alloys zikoresha ubushyuhe bwinshi nk'izi zikurikira:
Guhitamo Ibikoresho ku Bice Bidasanzwe
Ibikoresho by'ingenzi by'ibikoresho byo mu mwobo wo hasi (bihuye n'amazi yo mu iriba n'imizigo itwara): Byatoranijwe hakurikijwe ibipimo byavuzwe haruguru.
Ibikoresho byo gukata: Muri rusange bikozwe mu muringa wa H62 cyangwa ibyuma bitagira umugese bya S36600.
Ibice bihambira: Byatoranijwe muri 20CrMoTi cyangwa 20CrMnTi. Kugira ngo ubuso burusheho gukomera, hakenewe uburyo bwo gutunganya kaburimbo ku buso (bufite ubugari bwa mm 0.8-1.2) bukozwe muri kaburimbo, ibyo byongera ubukana bw'ubuso bugera kuri HRC 58-62.
Ibindi bintu bigira ingaruka ku guhitamo ibikoresho n'amahame ngenderwaho
Uretse imyuka ihumanya, guhitamo ibikoresho byo gushyiramo amavuta yo mu mwobo n'ibikoresho byo mu mwobo bifitanye isano n'ubushyuhe bw'amazi yo mu mwobo, igabanuka ry'amazi, urwego rw'ubutare, n'agaciro ka pH. Kugira ngo ubone ibipimo birambuye byo guhitamo, reba amabwiriza ngenderwaho y'inganda ya Q/HS 14015 yo gukumira ingese mu miyoboro ya peteroli na gaze mu nyanja.
Landrill inatanga ibikoresho by'icyuma 41430, 4140, 4145.
Ujye ubaza neza.https://www.landrilloiltools.com/
Igihe cyo kohereza: Nzeri-03-2025
5-1203, Akarere k'Inganda ka Dahua, No. 2 Umuhanda wa Yunshui, Akarere k'iterambere ry'ikoranabuhanga rihanitse, Xi'an, 710065, mu Bushinwa
86-13609153141
