Ibikoresho bisanzwe byo gucukura mu cyerekezo

Ibibazo bitatu bigomba kwitabwaho mu kugenzura inzira z'imiyoboro y'amazi:

① Kora igishushanyo mbonera cy'aho umwobo wo hasi (BHA) mu buryo bushyize mu gaciro kugira ngo ugenzure umuvuduko w'impinduka z'inguni yo kunyura mu mwobo.

② Kora cyangwa uhitemo ibikoresho byo mu mwobo ufite imiterere yihariye kugira ngo ugenzure umuvuduko w'impinduka z'inguni y'umwobo.

③ Hitamo kandi ugenzure uburemere kuri bit (WOB) mu buryo bushyize mu gaciro kugira ngo ugenzure igipimo cy’ubwinjirire bw’icyuma gihagaze n’ubunini bw’imbaraga zo gukora, bityo ugenzure uburyo bwo kuzenguruka neza.

Ibikoresho bisanzwe byo gucukura mu cyerekezo birimo cyane cyane subs zo mu cyerekezo, imigozi idakoresha ingufu za magnetique (NMDC), imiyoboro iremereye yo gucukura (HWDP), ibifasha guhagarara, udupira tw’imfunguzo, nibindi.

I. Agace k'ubuyobozi

1. Ubwoko

Inzira igororotse: Ikoreshwa mu gucukura mu cyerekezo hamwe n'imashini zicukura zigenda zifata imiyoboro (PCD).

Icupa rikozwe mu cyerekezo: Rikoreshwa mu gucukura mu cyerekezo hamwe n'imashini zicukura zikozwe mu buryo bwa straight-housing progressive cavity drills (PCD).

2. Imiterere y'ibanze

1) Agace gato k'icyerekezo gagororotse

Ibice bigize: Inzu ya 4, agakoresho ka 1 gahuza inkingi, urufunguzo rw'icyerekezo 3, vis 2

2) Inzira yo Kuyobora Imbere (Directional Bent Sub)

Ibice bigize: Inzu ya 4, agakoresho ka 1 gahuza icyerekezo, urufunguzo rwa 3, vis yo gushyiramo 2. Ugereranyije n'agace kagororotse gahuza icyerekezo, gafite inguni y'imiterere ya λ, kandi formula yo kubara ni: λ = 57.3 × (a – b) / d

II. Ifuru idafite magnetiki (NMDC)

1. Imikorere

Ibikoresho byo gupima magnetike birinda amakosa yo gupima.

Kora imirimo nk'iy'imigozi isanzwe yo gucukura.

2. Ibikoresho by'imashini zikoresha amashanyarazi atari ay'ingufu za magnetique

Ahanini harimo aloyi ya Monel (irimo umuringa, nikeli, chromium, nibindi), aloyi ya chromium-nikeli, aloyi ya austenitike ishingiye kuri chromium-manganese, aloyi ya beryllium-copper, icyuma kidakoresha ingufu za rukuruzi cya SMFI, n'icyuma cyo mu rugo cya manganese-chromium-nikeli.

3. Guhitamo uburebure bw'ikirahuri cy'imashini idakoresha magnetique

Reba "Ikarita y'Uburemere bw'Umurima wa Magnetic w'Isi Utambitse". Guhitamo neza uburebure bw'umugozi utari uwa magnetike bituma hapimwa neza azimuth ya magnetike mu gice cy'umwobo ufunguye. Uko imbaraga za magnetike z'agace karimo imbaraga nyinshi, ni ko umugozi utari uwa magnetike ukenewe uba muremure.

4. Igenzura n'ikoreshwa ry'amakori yo gucukura atari ay'ingufu za magnetique

1) Uburebure bw'ubuso bw'inyuma bw'umugozi utari uw'ingufu za rukuruzi bugomba kuba ≤ 2mm/m, naho uburebure bwose bugomba kuba ≤ 5mm/m.

2)Imivurungano ku buso bw'umuyoboro w'ijosi ridafite ingufu za rukuruzi ntigomba kurenza urugero rwemewe rw'imivurungano.

3)Ubuso bw'umugozi bugomba kuba bworoshye, nta bipimo byemewe, imiturire, ubushyuhe cyangwa ibindi byangiritse.

4)Umuvuduko w'imitako y'imigozi idakoresha ingufu za rukuruzi ugomba kuba ≥ umuvuduko ntarengwa wagenwe wo kuzenguruka.

5)Uburyo ingufu za rukuruzi zikoreshwa mu gucukura no gucukura no gusana ingufu za rukuruzi mu icukura non-magnetic bigomba gusuzumwa rimwe mu mwaka, kandi ibisubizo by'igenzura bigomba kubahiriza amabwiriza agenga icukura non-magnetic (SY5145-86).

III. Umuyoboro w'amazi uremereye (HWDP)

Ikoreshwa hasi muri BHA kugira ngo isimbuze imigozi yo gucukura kugira ngo ikoreshwemo umuvuduko. Mu mikorere y'icyerekezo hamwe n'ibikoresho byo kuyobora, igabanya ahantu hahurira n'urukuta rw'aho amazi anyura, igabanya imbaraga zo guhangana n'uburibwe, yoroshya ibikorwa byo kunyerera, yongera umutekano mu mwobo wo hasi, kandi ifasha mu kugenzura ibipimo by'aho amazi anyura. Ikora kandi nk'igice cy'impinduka hagati y'imigozi yo gucukura n'imiyoboro yo gucukura kugira ngo igabanye impinduka zikomeye.

IV. Iterambere

1.Imikoreshereze ya Stabilizers mu gucukura mu cyerekezo

Mu miterere ya BHA n'imiterere ya BHA zimanuka, imitere ikomeza gukora nk'ishingiro. Mu guhindura aho imitere ihagarara mu gice cyo hasi cya BHA, imiterere y'imitsi ya BHA yo hasi ishobora guhinduka kugira ngo hagerwe ku kugenzura inzira inyuramo.

2.Ongera uburimbi bwa BHA yo hasi kugira ngo uhamye ukubiri kw'umwobo n'azimuth. Muri BHA zo mu mfuruka zifata, uburimbi bwa BHA yo hasi burushaho kwiyongera binyuze mu kugabanya intera iri hagati ya biti n'icyuma gifata, no hagati y'ibikoresho bifata, kugira ngo bigabanye ukubiri kw'impinduka za BHA yo hasi no kugera ku ngaruka zo gufata ukubiri.

3.Ambara agace k'umugozi kugira ngo agace k'umugozi gahinduke neza kandi gafashe neza, bifasha kugabanya ibibazo byo mu mwobo ujya hasi.

Icyitonderwa! Mu gihe ushyiramo imashini itera imbaraga mu mwobo no kuyikuramo, pima witonze umurambararo w'inyuma w'imashini itera imbaraga, urebe neza uko ishaje n'aho ishyirwa muri BHA. Umurambararo w'inyuma w'imashini itera imbaraga ntugomba kurenza mm 2.

Ubwoko bw'ibintu bitera imbaraga:

Iterambere ry'imbavu rigororotse Iterambere ry'imbavu rigororotse rifite uruhande rutandatu (uruhande rutatu)

Ingufu zo guhagarara ku mpande eshanu (efite imigozi itatu)Agakoresho gashobora gusimburwa gashobora guhagarara

Iterambere ry'inyuma rifite ibice bitatuIterambere rishobora gusimburwa

V. Igitambaro cyo gupfumura imfunguzo z'intebe

Imiterere y'igitambaro cyo gupakurura intebe cy'ingenzi isa n'iy'igitambaro cyo gupakurura intebe. Ingano yacyo muri rusange ni ntoya ugereranije n'iy'igitambaro cyo gupakurura ariko ni nini ugereranyije n'iy'ikariso yo gupakurura intebe. Bitandukanye n'igitambaro cyo gupakurura intebe, impande zo hejuru n'izo hasi z'igitambaro cyo gupakurura intebe z'ingenzi zisukwa hejuru hakoreshejwe electrode zikomeye zikozwe mu buryo bw'inyuguti, zifite inshingano zo gukata, gukurura no guhanagura intebe z'ingenzi.

Aho agakoresho ko guhanagura imfunguzo gaherereye mu mugozi wo gucukura gaherereye ni uku gukurikira:

1. BHA yihariye yo guhanagura intebe z'ingenzi

Imiterere ya BHA yo guhanagura intebe rusange z'imfunguzo: Ikariso nto yo gutobora bit + (50)～60m) + agahanagura imfunguzo + akantu ko gucukura + umuyoboro uremereye wo gucukura (HWDP).

Ku bijyanye no guhanagura intebe ndende z'imfunguzo, BHA ikurikira ishobora gukoreshwa: Bit + 1 stand y'umugozi muto + icyuma gihanagura intebe + stand 1 y'umugozi muto + igikoresho cyoroshye + icyuma gihanagura intebe + umuyoboro uremereye (HWDP).

Umurambararo w'inyuma w'umugozi muto w'umugozi ugomba kuba umwe n'umurambararo w'inyuma w'aho umuyoboro w'umugozi uhurira ukoreshwa mu gihe cyo gucukura. Mu gihe ucukura umugozi kugeza kuri metero 100 hejuru y'intebe y'ingenzi, genzura umuvuduko wo kwiruka; iyo uhuye n'ubudahangarwa, tangira kuzunguruka no kugenzura neza WOB (muri rusange munsi ya 49kN).

2. Guhanagura imfunguzo z'intebe mu gihe cyo gucukura

Mu gucukura mu cyerekezo, uhereye ku gice cyo kubaka, udupira tw’imfunguzo dukunze gukoreshwa muri BHA yo munsi y’amazi. Dukurikije uburyo uruziga rwacukuwe n’uburyo imiterere yarwo ihinduka, agapira k’imfunguzo gakoreshwa mu gucukura kenshi mu bice by’ “amaguru y’imbwa” aho intebe z’imfunguzo zishobora gushingwa, kugira ngo hirindwe ko intebe z’imfunguzo zigira ihinduka.

VI. Valve yo kureremba

Inshingano zayo z'ingenzi ni ukurinda ko amazi yo gucukura asubira inyuma (ashobora kwangiza ibikoresho byo gupima umwobo wo hasi) no gukumira ko utuziba tw'uduti dufunga.

VII. Agace k'inyuma k'imashini

Igikoresho cyo gupima mu gihe cyo gucukura (MWD) kirimo, gitanga ahantu hatekanye kandi hahamye ho gupima MWD.

Hari umurongo w’uburebure ku rukuta rw’inyuma rw’agace k’ifatizo, ukoreshwa mu gupima uruhande rwo hejuru rw’imashini icukura mu buryo bw’ifatizo (PCD) no gupima agaciro k’ifatizo hagati ya MWD na PCD. Urukuta rw’imbere rw’agace k’ifatizo rufite urufunguzo rusohoka, rukoreshwa iyo MWD ishyizweho. Iyo MWD idakoreshwa, hagomba kwitabwaho kubanza gukuraho agace k’ifatizo kugira ngo urufunguzo ruticwa n’amazi bitewe n’umuvuduko mwinshi w’amazi (bishobora gutera impanuka zo mu mwobo).

VIII. Ikiyiko

Inshingano yayo nyamukuru ni ugukomeza gukora neza kw'umugozi n'umugozi wo gucukura, no gufasha kurekura umuyoboro ufatana igihe umuyoboro ufatana.

IX. Ihuriro ry'ibintu bihindagurika

Akamaro kayo k'ingenzi ni ukurinda ikibindi no kongera uburimbane bw'umugozi wo gucukura mu gihe cyo gucukura.