Ibikoresho icumi bya mbere byo kurangiza neza

Ubwoko bwibikoresho byo kumanura bikunze gukoreshwa mukurangiza amavuta yo mumazi no kurangiza imirongo harimo: Packer, SSSV, Slide Sleev, (Nipple), Side Pocket Mandrel, Kwicara Nipple, Flow Coupling, Blast hamwe, Ikizamini cya Valve, Drain Valve, Mandrel, Gucomeka , n'ibindi.

1. Abapakira

Abapakira ni kimwe mu bikoresho byingenzi byamanutse mu musaruro, kandi ibikorwa byingenzi ni ibi bikurikira:

Gutandukanya ibice byumusaruro kugirango wirinde gufatanya no kwivanga kwamazi nigitutu hagati yabyo;

Gutandukanya kwica amazi nibisohoka;

Kuzuza ibisabwa bitandukanye mubikorwa bya peteroli (gaze) nibikorwa byo gukora;

Gumana ibipaki byamazi mumashanyarazi kugirango urinde ikariso kandi urebe umusaruro utekanye.

Abapakira bakoreshwa mumavuta yo hanze (gaze) barangije barashobora kugabanywamo muburyo bubiri: kugarurwa kandi guhoraho, kandi ukurikije uburyo bwo gushiraho, barashobora kugabanwa mumazi ya hydraulic, gushiraho imashini no gushiraho insinga. Abapakira barashobora kugabanywamo ubwoko bwinshi, kandi guhitamo gushyira mu gaciro bigomba gukorwa ukurikije umusaruro ukenewe. Ibice byingenzi byabapakira ni kunyerera na reberi, kandi abapakira bamwe ntibafite kunyerera (abapakira amariba afunguye). Hariho ubwoko bwinshi bwabapakira, umurimo wingenzi wacyo ninkunga iri hagati yinyerera nigitereko hamwe no gufunga hagati yinyandiko na kashe kugirango ushireho umwanya runaka.

2.Ibikoresho byo kumanura umutekano

Umuyoboro w’umutekano wo hasi ni igikoresho cyo kugenzura amazi adasanzwe mu iriba, nk’umuriro ku rubuga rutanga amavuta yo mu nyanja, guturika kw'imiyoboro, guturika, kutagenzura iriba rya peteroli ryatewe n'umutingito, n'ibindi, ku buryo impanuka yumutekano wo kumanuka irashobora guhita ifungwa kugirango umenye kugenzura imigendekere yamazi mu iriba.

1) Gutondekanya indangagaciro z'umutekano:

• Icyuma gishobora kugarura umutekano
• Umuyoboro wamavuta ushobora gutwara valve
• Ikariso yumutekano annulus Ikoreshwa cyane mumutekano wumutekano ni tubing portable umutekano valve

2) Ihame ry'ibikorwa

Umuvuduko ukabije wubutaka, amavuta ya hydraulic yoherezwa mumwobo wohereza umuvuduko kuri piston unyuze kumuyoboro wa hydraulic ugenzura, gusunika piston hasi no gukanda isoko, hanyuma flap valve irakingurwa. Niba igitutu cyo kugenzura hydraulic gikomeje, valve yumutekano iri kumugaragaro; kurekura Umuvuduko wumurongo wa hydraulic ugenzurwa hejuru nubushyuhe bwimpeshyi kugirango wimure piston hejuru, kandi plaque ya valve iri mumugozi.

3.Inyerera

1) Urutoki rwo kunyerera rushobora gufunga cyangwa guhuza isano iri hagati yumurongo wumusaruro nu mwanya wa buri mwaka binyuze mubufatanye hagati yimbere ninyuma. Ibikorwa byayo byingenzi ni ibi bikurikira:

• Gutera ibisasu nyuma yo kurangiza neza;
• Kuzenguruka byica;
• Guterura gaze
• Kwicara pompe
• Amariba menshi arashobora gukoreshwa mubikorwa bitandukanye, kugerageza ibice, gutera inshinge, nibindi.;
• Ubucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro menshi;
• Koresha icomeka mu iriba kugirango ufunge iriba cyangwa kugirango ugerageze umuvuduko wigituba;
• Kuzenguruka imiti ya anticorrosion, nibindi.

2) Ihame ry'akazi

Igitambambuga cyo kunyerera gifunga cyangwa gihuza inzira hagati yumuyoboro wamavuta nu mwanya wa buri mwaka wimura amaboko yimbere. Iyo umuyoboro wimbere wimbere ureba kunyura kumubiri winyerera, kunyerera uba ufunguye. Iyo byombi bitangaye, akanyerera kanyerera. Hano hari silinderi ikora kumurongo wo hejuru wigitambambuga, ikoreshwa mugukosora igikoresho cyo kugenzura imanuka ijyanye no kunyerera. Hano hari ikidodo cyanyuma cyo hejuru kumpande zo hejuru no hepfo yikiganza cyimbere, gishobora gufatanya no gufunga ibikoresho byo kumanura kugirango bishyirweho ikimenyetso. Huza igikoresho cyo kunyerera cyoroshye munsi yigikoresho cyibanze, hanyuma ukore ibyuma byuma. Urupapuro rwo kunyerera rushobora gufungura no kuzimya. Bamwe muribo bakeneye guhinda umushyitsi hasi kugirango bamanure amaboko kugirango bafungure urutoki, mugihe abandi bakeneye guhinda umushyitsi hejuru kugirango imbere imbere Ikiboko kizamuka kugirango gifungure urutoki.

4.Nipple

1) Gutondekanya no gukoresha Nipple ikora

Gutondekanya amabere:

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Mandrels zimwe zishobora kugira ubwoko bwubushake hamwe no guhagarara hejuru (nkuko bigaragara ku gishushanyo b). Ubwoko bwitwa ubwoko bwubushake bivuze ko diameter yimbere ya mandel idafite igice cyo kugabanya diameter, kandi ubunini buke bwigikoresho cyo kwicara burashobora kunyuramo, bityo mandrale nyinshi zingana zingana zishobora kumanurwa mumurongo umwe, kandi guhagarara hejuru bisobanura ko diameter y'imbere ya mandel ifunze ni Hejuru yo guhagarara hamwe nintambwe igenda kumurongo wagabanutse igice cya diametre ikora hejuru, mugihe igice cya diametre yagabanutse igice cyo guhagarara kiri hepfo, igice cyo gufunga icyuma ntigishobora kunyura, kandi guhagarara hepfo muri rusange byashyizwe munsi yumugozi umwe. Nkibikoresho byamanikwa no gukumira imigozi yinsinga kugwa mumuriba.

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Gukoresha Amabere:

• Icara muri jammer.
• Wicare munsi yubutaka kugirango uhite ugenzura valve yumutekano.
• Icara muri cheque.

Koresha mubikoresho byubutabazi (choke nozzle) kugirango ugabanye umuvuduko wamazi.

• Korana na Nipple isennye, shyiramo gutandukanya amaboko cyangwa igikinisho, gusana umuyoboro wamavuta wangiritse cyangwa umuyoboro wijimye hafi yamavuta.
• Icara hanyuma umanike ibikoresho byo gupima.
• Irashobora kubuza umugozi wigikoresho kugwa munsi yiziba mugihe cya wireline.

5. Uruhande rwumufuka wuruhande

1) Imiterere yimikorere

Side Pocket Mandrel nimwe mubikoresho byingenzi byo kumanuka kugirango birangire neza. Ihujwe na valve zitandukanye zo kuzamura gaze kugirango hamenyekane uburyo butandukanye bwo kuzamura gaze, gukoresha amazi yubunini bwubunini butandukanye, no kumenya gutera inshinge. Imiterere yacyo yerekanwa ku gishushanyo, igizwe n'ibice bibiri, umuyoboro fatizo na silindiri ya eccentric, ubunini bw'umuyoboro fatizo ni kimwe n'ubw'umuyoboro wa peteroli, igice cyo hejuru gifite amaboko ahagarara, na silindiri ya eccentric ifite igikoresho kiranga umutwe, igikoni gifunga, silinderi ifunga hamwe nu mwobo wo gutumanaho hanze.

2) Ibiranga umufuka wumufuka wuruhande:

Umwanya: Kora ubwoko bwibikoresho byose byo hasi kandi byerekanwe neza muri barrique ya eccentric.

Kumenyekana: Ibikoresho byo hasi yubunini bukwiye bikoreshwa muburyo butandukanye muri barrique ya eccentric, mugihe ibindi bikoresho bifite ubunini bunini binyura mumiyoboro fatizo.

Biremewe igitutu kinini.

2) Imikorere ya Side Pocket Mandrel: guterura gaze, gutera imiti, gutera inshinge, kwica uruzinduko, nibindi.

6. Gucomeka

Iyo nta valve yumutekano wamanutse cyangwa valve yumutekano birananirana, insinga zicyuma zirakora, kandi icyuma kingana nacyo kimanurwa muri silinderi ikora kugirango ufunge iriba. Kwipimisha igitutu cyo gushiraho no gushiraho hydraulic bapakira mugihe cyo kurangiza neza cyangwa ibikorwa byakazi.

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Umuyoboro wa gazi wamanuwe muri silinderi ikora ya eccentric, ishobora kumenya uburyo butandukanye bwo kuzamura gaze, nko kuzamura gaze guhoraho cyangwa kuzamura gazi rimwe na rimwe.

8.Kurikira guhuza

Gutembera gutemba mubyukuri ni umuyoboro wijimye, umurambararo w'imbere umeze nkuw'umuyoboro wa peteroli, ariko diameter yo hanze ni nini gato, kandi ubusanzwe ikoreshwa kumpera yo hejuru no hepfo ya valve yumutekano. Ku iriba ryinshi rya peteroli na gaze, amariba ya peteroli hamwe nibisohoka muri rusange arashobora guhitamo gukoresha cyangwa kudakoresha. Iyo gaze ya peteroli itanga umusaruro mwinshi inyuze mumurongo wumutekano, bizatera umuvuduko bitewe no kugabanuka kwa diameter, bikaviramo isuri ya eddy kandi ikambara hejuru yayo no hepfo.

9.Amavuta ya Drain

Umuyoboro wamavuta usanzwe ushyirwa mumiyoboro ya peteroli 1-2 hejuru ya cheque. Nicyo cyambu cyo gusohora amazi mumazi ya peteroli mugihe ibikorwa byo kugenzura pompe byazamuwe, kugirango bigabanye umutwaro wikigo gikora kandi birinde amazi meza yanduza ikibuga cyibidukikije hamwe nibidukikije. Hano hari ubwoko bubiri bwamavuta yo gukuramo amavuta: guta inkoni no guta umupira hydraulic. Iyambere irakwiriye cyane kumavuta yoroheje namariba aremereye hamwe n'amazi maremare; icya nyuma gikoreshwa mumariba aremereye hamwe nogukata amazi make kandi afite igipimo kinini cyo gutsinda.

10.Isakoshi

) Cyane cyane iyo umwanya wumwaka hagati yigikoresho cyo kumanura na diametre yimbere yikibaho ari gito, intambwe ikurikira yo kubaka igomba gukorwa nyuma yo gusiba bihagije.

2) Imiterere: Igizwe numubiri, isahani yicyuma, igihagararo gihamye, gukanda hamwe nibindi bice.

3) Ihame ryakazi: mbere yo kwinjira mu iriba, ingano ntarengwa yo kwishyiriraho igice kinini cya scraper nini kuruta diameter y'imbere ya case. Nyuma yo kwinjira mu iriba, icyuma gihatirwa gukanda isoko, kandi isoko itanga imbaraga zo kugaburira imirasire. Iyo gusiba ibikoresho bikomeye, bisaba ibisigazwa byinshi kugirango bisibangane kugeza kumurambararo w'imbere. Scraper ihujwe nu mpera yo hepfo yumugozi wumuyoboro wamanutse, kandi hejuru no kumanuka kumurongo wumuyoboro ni ibiryo bya axial mugihe cyo kumanika.

Birashobora kugaragara uhereye kumiterere yicyuma ko buri cyuma kizengurutswe gifite impande ebyiri zimeze nkibice byo gukata imbere no hanze. Ingaruka zo gusya. Icyuma kimeze nk'ibipande bigabanijwe neza hejuru yubuso ukurikije umurongo wibumoso, ibyo bikaba bifitiye akamaro ibyondo byo kugaruka hejuru kugirango bikureho imyanda.